Pierre-Jules Jollivet (27 June 1803, Paris – 7 September 1871, Paris) was a French painter and

lithographer Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...

who worked mostly in the Romantic style and is largely known for

genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other for ...

scenes.

Biography

He initially studied architecture with

Jacques-Marie Huvé Jean-Jacques-Marie Huvé (28 April 1783, Versailles – 23 November 1852, Paris) was a French architect who practiced in Paris, working in a neoclassical manner that he refined working in the ''atelier'' of Percier and Fontaine, Napoleon's ...

and . It was only in 1822 that he decided to focus on painting instead. That year, he entered the

École des Beaux-arts de Paris The Beaux-Arts de Paris is a French ''grande école'' whose primary mission is to provide high-level arts education and training. This is classical and historical School of Fine Arts in France. The art school, which is part of the Paris Sciences ...

and remained there until 1825. His primary instructors were François-Louis Dejuinne and

Antoine-Jean Gros Antoine-Jean Gros (; 16 March 177125 June 1835) was a French painter of historical subjects. He was given title of Baron Gros in 1824. Gros studied under Jacques-Louis David in Paris and began an independent artistic career during the French R ...

; both painters of historical and genre scenes. At the same time, he became interested in lithography, a new printing method devised in the 1790s by the actor,

Alois Senefelder Johann Alois Senefelder (6 November 177126 February 1834) was a German actor and playwright who invented the printing technique of lithography in the 1790s.Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1998. p 146 Acto ...

. In 1826, this interest took him to Spain to work on a catalog of the paintings belonging to King

Ferdinand VII , house = Bourbon-Anjou , father = Charles IV of Spain , mother = Maria Luisa of Parma , birth_date = 14 October 1784 , birth_place = El Escorial, Spain , death_date = , death_place = Madrid, Spain , burial_plac ...

at the

Royal Palace of Madrid The Royal Palace of Madrid ( es, Palacio Real de Madrid) is the official residence of the Spanish royal family at the city of Madrid, although now used only for state ceremonies. The palace has of floor space and contains 3,418 rooms. It is the ...

. He eventually contributed eighteen plates for that publication. he remained there for a short time after completing his work before returning to Paris. He established himself as a painter of genre and historical scenes and drew on his experiences in Spain for inspiration. After acquiring a small amount of notoriety, he began to exhibit his works; beginning in 1831. His initial presentation consisted entirely of Spanish-themed works; some in homage to

Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptized June 6, 1599August 6, 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He was an individualistic artist of th ...

. In 1833, he was awarded a prize at the

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (P ...

for his "Brigands of the Kingdom of Valencia". For many years, works on Spanish subjects would predominate in his oeuvre. His depiction of a guerrillera (1834) is now in the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

. In the latter part of the 1830s, King

Louis-Philippe I Louis Philippe (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. As Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, he distinguished himself commanding troops during the Revolutionary War ...

placed him in charge of creating a series of large historical panels for the . Two of the best known depict the Battle of Hooglede (1794) and Godefroy de Bouillon presenting the first

assizes The courts of assize, or assizes (), were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes e ...

for the

Kingdom of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem ( la, Regnum Hierosolymitanum; fro, Roiaume de Jherusalem), officially known as the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem or the Frankish Kingdom of Palestine,Example (title of works): was a Crusader state that was establishe ...

. He also did an

etching Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types ...

, showing the

Battle of Tourcoing The Battle of Tourcoing (17–18 May 1794) saw a Republican French army directed by General of Division Joseph Souham defend against an attack by a Coalition army led by Emperor Francis II and Austrian Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. T ...

. He some religious works as well, such as a " Massacre of the Innocents", and participated in the decoration of several Parisian churches; including Saint-Ambroise, Saint-Antoine-des-Quinze-Vingts and

Saint-Vincent-de-Paul Saint-Vincent-de-Paul (named after Saint Vincent de Paul) may refer to: * Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Gironde, France * Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Landes, France * Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, 10th arrondissement of Paris, France *Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Que ...

. For the latter, he used an innovative ceramic painting technique; applied to large slabs of lava from

Volvic Volvic () is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France. The church at Volvic is dedicated to “St Priest” (Projectus), who is reputed to have been killed here in 676 AD. Population International relations Vo ...

. In 1844, he returned to Saint-Vincent-de-Paul to create a tableau representing the

Trinity The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God the F ...

. Other paintings were added later. One, depicting

Adam and Eve Adam and Eve, according to the creation myth of the Abrahamic religions, were the first man and woman. They are central to the belief that humanity is in essence a single family, with everyone descended from a single pair of original ancestors. ...

Paradise In religion, paradise is a place of exceptional happiness and delight. Paradisiacal notions are often laden with pastoral imagery, and may be cosmogonical or eschatological or both, often compared to the miseries of human civilization: in paradis ...

, contained nudity and created a scandal. It was removed in 1861, placed out of sight, and not restored to its original position until 2011.

Selected paintings

File:Jollivet-una guerrillera.jpg, La Guerrillera File:Jollivet-Innocents.jpg, Massacre of the Innocents File:Jollivet-Ironworks.jpg, Ironworks File:Jollivet-Gypsies.jpg, Resting Gypsies

Sources

Biography
@ Grove Art Online

External links

Pierre-Jules Jollivet
@ the Base Joconde
Works by Jollivet
@ the

Museo del Prado The Prado Museum ( ; ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It is widely considered to house one of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jollivet, Pierre 1803 births 1871 deaths 19th-century French painters French genre painters French history painters French lithographers Painters from Paris

Biography

Selected paintings

Sources

Further reading

External links